Fix missing -dev dependencies

• d/control.in, d/control: Add missing -dev dependencies

  Each -dev package needs to depend on all dependencies' -dev packages that are required when linking against the included library with pkg-config.

  Closes: #980691, #980684

• Add trivial compile/link/run tests for the -dev packages

  Tests like these are a surprisingly effective way to detect packaging mistakes.

  Reproduces: #980691, #980684