linux-image, linux-headers: Use linux-run-hooks instead of run-parts

Use the new linux-run-hooks command from linux-base instead of directly calling run-parts. This adds support for hooks under /usr/share/kernel, assuming a sufficiently recent debianutils.

linux-image: Bump the versioned dependency on linux-base. Move it to Pre-Depends since we will now also call it from the preinst script.

linux-headers: Add a versioned dependency on linux-base.

Closes: #1101733