Add patches to prepare for Bookworm update

@pino I'm told that the window for getting changes into the next Debian 11 and Debian 12 point releases closes on Saturday. If we're going to do the stable updates, I think it makes sense to predict the URLs for the stable release so that the download links work. We also need to get the changes into Unstable (but not necessarily Testing) before uploading proposed stable updates. So here you go, for Unstable.

Because this is just a plain data package that enables using newer OS releases, I think this would be acceptable for Debian 11 too.

Do you think you'll have time to prepare Debian 11 and Debian 12 stable updates of osinfo-db by Saturday? Otherwise, I could work on it.