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  • #include "Python.h"
    #include "code.h"
    #include "structmember.h"
    
    #define NAME_CHARS \
        "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ_abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
    
    /* all_name_chars(s): true iff all chars in s are valid NAME_CHARS */
    
    static int
    
    all_name_chars(PyObject *o)
    
    {
        static char ok_name_char[256];
    
        static const unsigned char *name_chars = (unsigned char *)NAME_CHARS;
        const unsigned char *s, *e;
    
    
        if (ok_name_char[*name_chars] == 0) {
    
            const unsigned char *p;
    
            for (p = name_chars; *p; p++)
                ok_name_char[*p] = 1;
        }
    
        s = (unsigned char *)PyString_AS_STRING(o);
        e = s + PyString_GET_SIZE(o);
        while (s != e) {
    
            if (ok_name_char[*s++] == 0)
                return 0;
        }
        return 1;
    }
    
    static void
    intern_strings(PyObject *tuple)
    {
        Py_ssize_t i;
    
        for (i = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(tuple); --i >= 0; ) {
            PyObject *v = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, i);
            if (v == NULL || !PyString_CheckExact(v)) {
                Py_FatalError("non-string found in code slot");
            }
            PyString_InternInPlace(&PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, i));
        }
    }
    
    
    /* Intern selected string constants */
    static int
    intern_string_constants(PyObject *tuple)
    {
        int modified = 0;
        Py_ssize_t i;
    
        for (i = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(tuple); --i >= 0; ) {
            PyObject *v = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, i);
            if (PyString_CheckExact(v)) {
                if (all_name_chars(v)) {
                    PyObject *w = v;
                    PyString_InternInPlace(&v);
                    if (w != v) {
                        PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, i, v);
                        modified = 1;
                    }
                }
            }
            else if (PyTuple_CheckExact(v)) {
                intern_string_constants(v);
            }
            else if (PyFrozenSet_CheckExact(v)) {
                PyObject *w = v;
                PyObject *tmp = PySequence_Tuple(v);
                if (tmp == NULL) {
                    PyErr_Clear();
                    continue;
                }
                if (intern_string_constants(tmp)) {
                    v = PyFrozenSet_New(tmp);
                    if (v == NULL) {
                        PyErr_Clear();
                    }
                    else {
                        PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, i, v);
                        Py_DECREF(w);
                        modified = 1;
                    }
                }
                Py_DECREF(tmp);
            }
        }
        return modified;
    }
    
    
    
    PyCodeObject *
    PyCode_New(int argcount, int nlocals, int stacksize, int flags,
               PyObject *code, PyObject *consts, PyObject *names,
               PyObject *varnames, PyObject *freevars, PyObject *cellvars,
               PyObject *filename, PyObject *name, int firstlineno,
               PyObject *lnotab)
    {
        PyCodeObject *co;
        /* Check argument types */
        if (argcount < 0 || nlocals < 0 ||
            code == NULL ||
            consts == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(consts) ||
            names == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(names) ||
            varnames == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(varnames) ||
            freevars == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(freevars) ||
            cellvars == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(cellvars) ||
            name == NULL || !PyString_Check(name) ||
            filename == NULL || !PyString_Check(filename) ||
            lnotab == NULL || !PyString_Check(lnotab) ||
            !PyObject_CheckReadBuffer(code)) {
            PyErr_BadInternalCall();
            return NULL;
        }
        intern_strings(names);
        intern_strings(varnames);
        intern_strings(freevars);
        intern_strings(cellvars);
    
        intern_string_constants(consts);
    
        co = PyObject_NEW(PyCodeObject, &PyCode_Type);
        if (co != NULL) {
            co->co_argcount = argcount;
            co->co_nlocals = nlocals;
            co->co_stacksize = stacksize;
            co->co_flags = flags;
            Py_INCREF(code);
            co->co_code = code;
            Py_INCREF(consts);
            co->co_consts = consts;
            Py_INCREF(names);
            co->co_names = names;
            Py_INCREF(varnames);
            co->co_varnames = varnames;
            Py_INCREF(freevars);
            co->co_freevars = freevars;
            Py_INCREF(cellvars);
            co->co_cellvars = cellvars;
            Py_INCREF(filename);
            co->co_filename = filename;
            Py_INCREF(name);
            co->co_name = name;
            co->co_firstlineno = firstlineno;
            Py_INCREF(lnotab);
            co->co_lnotab = lnotab;
            co->co_zombieframe = NULL;
            co->co_weakreflist = NULL;
        }
        return co;
    }
    
    PyCodeObject *
    PyCode_NewEmpty(const char *filename, const char *funcname, int firstlineno)
    {
        static PyObject *emptystring = NULL;
        static PyObject *nulltuple = NULL;
        PyObject *filename_ob = NULL;
        PyObject *funcname_ob = NULL;
        PyCodeObject *result = NULL;
        if (emptystring == NULL) {
            emptystring = PyString_FromString("");
            if (emptystring == NULL)
                goto failed;
        }
        if (nulltuple == NULL) {
            nulltuple = PyTuple_New(0);
            if (nulltuple == NULL)
                goto failed;
        }
        funcname_ob = PyString_FromString(funcname);
        if (funcname_ob == NULL)
            goto failed;
        filename_ob = PyString_FromString(filename);
        if (filename_ob == NULL)
            goto failed;
    
        result = PyCode_New(0,                      /* argcount */
                    0,                              /* nlocals */
                    0,                              /* stacksize */
                    0,                              /* flags */
                    emptystring,                    /* code */
                    nulltuple,                      /* consts */
                    nulltuple,                      /* names */
                    nulltuple,                      /* varnames */
                    nulltuple,                      /* freevars */
                    nulltuple,                      /* cellvars */
                    filename_ob,                    /* filename */
                    funcname_ob,                    /* name */
                    firstlineno,                    /* firstlineno */
                    emptystring                     /* lnotab */
                    );
    
    failed:
        Py_XDECREF(funcname_ob);
        Py_XDECREF(filename_ob);
        return result;
    }
    
    #define OFF(x) offsetof(PyCodeObject, x)
    
    static PyMemberDef code_memberlist[] = {
        {"co_argcount",     T_INT,          OFF(co_argcount),       READONLY},
        {"co_nlocals",      T_INT,          OFF(co_nlocals),        READONLY},
        {"co_stacksize",T_INT,              OFF(co_stacksize),      READONLY},
        {"co_flags",        T_INT,          OFF(co_flags),          READONLY},
        {"co_code",         T_OBJECT,       OFF(co_code),           READONLY},
        {"co_consts",       T_OBJECT,       OFF(co_consts),         READONLY},
        {"co_names",        T_OBJECT,       OFF(co_names),          READONLY},
        {"co_varnames",     T_OBJECT,       OFF(co_varnames),       READONLY},
        {"co_freevars",     T_OBJECT,       OFF(co_freevars),       READONLY},
        {"co_cellvars",     T_OBJECT,       OFF(co_cellvars),       READONLY},
        {"co_filename",     T_OBJECT,       OFF(co_filename),       READONLY},
        {"co_name",         T_OBJECT,       OFF(co_name),           READONLY},
        {"co_firstlineno", T_INT,           OFF(co_firstlineno),    READONLY},
        {"co_lnotab",       T_OBJECT,       OFF(co_lnotab),         READONLY},
        {NULL}      /* Sentinel */
    };
    
    /* Helper for code_new: return a shallow copy of a tuple that is
       guaranteed to contain exact strings, by converting string subclasses
       to exact strings and complaining if a non-string is found. */
    static PyObject*
    validate_and_copy_tuple(PyObject *tup)
    {
        PyObject *newtuple;
        PyObject *item;
        Py_ssize_t i, len;
    
        len = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(tup);
        newtuple = PyTuple_New(len);
        if (newtuple == NULL)
            return NULL;
    
        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            item = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tup, i);
            if (PyString_CheckExact(item)) {
                Py_INCREF(item);
            }
            else if (!PyString_Check(item)) {
                PyErr_Format(
                    PyExc_TypeError,
                    "name tuples must contain only "
                    "strings, not '%.500s'",
                    item->ob_type->tp_name);
                Py_DECREF(newtuple);
                return NULL;
            }
            else {
                item = PyString_FromStringAndSize(
                    PyString_AS_STRING(item),
                    PyString_GET_SIZE(item));
                if (item == NULL) {
                    Py_DECREF(newtuple);
                    return NULL;
                }
            }
            PyTuple_SET_ITEM(newtuple, i, item);
        }
    
        return newtuple;
    }
    
    PyDoc_STRVAR(code_doc,
    "code(argcount, nlocals, stacksize, flags, codestring, constants, names,\n\
          varnames, filename, name, firstlineno, lnotab[, freevars[, cellvars]])\n\
    \n\
    Create a code object.  Not for the faint of heart.");
    
    static PyObject *
    code_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw)
    {
        int argcount;
        int nlocals;
        int stacksize;
        int flags;
        PyObject *co = NULL;
        PyObject *code;
        PyObject *consts;
        PyObject *names, *ournames = NULL;
        PyObject *varnames, *ourvarnames = NULL;
        PyObject *freevars = NULL, *ourfreevars = NULL;
        PyObject *cellvars = NULL, *ourcellvars = NULL;
        PyObject *filename;
        PyObject *name;
        int firstlineno;
        PyObject *lnotab;
    
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiiiSO!O!O!SSiS|O!O!:code",
                              &argcount, &nlocals, &stacksize, &flags,
                              &code,
                              &PyTuple_Type, &consts,
                              &PyTuple_Type, &names,
                              &PyTuple_Type, &varnames,
                              &filename, &name,
                              &firstlineno, &lnotab,
                              &PyTuple_Type, &freevars,
                              &PyTuple_Type, &cellvars))
            return NULL;
    
        if (argcount < 0) {
            PyErr_SetString(
                PyExc_ValueError,
                "code: argcount must not be negative");
            goto cleanup;
        }
    
        if (nlocals < 0) {
            PyErr_SetString(
                PyExc_ValueError,
                "code: nlocals must not be negative");
            goto cleanup;
        }
    
        ournames = validate_and_copy_tuple(names);
        if (ournames == NULL)
            goto cleanup;
        ourvarnames = validate_and_copy_tuple(varnames);
        if (ourvarnames == NULL)
            goto cleanup;
        if (freevars)
            ourfreevars = validate_and_copy_tuple(freevars);
        else
            ourfreevars = PyTuple_New(0);
        if (ourfreevars == NULL)
            goto cleanup;
        if (cellvars)
            ourcellvars = validate_and_copy_tuple(cellvars);
        else
            ourcellvars = PyTuple_New(0);
        if (ourcellvars == NULL)
            goto cleanup;
    
        co = (PyObject *)PyCode_New(argcount, nlocals, stacksize, flags,
                                    code, consts, ournames, ourvarnames,
                                    ourfreevars, ourcellvars, filename,
                                    name, firstlineno, lnotab);
      cleanup:
        Py_XDECREF(ournames);
        Py_XDECREF(ourvarnames);
        Py_XDECREF(ourfreevars);
        Py_XDECREF(ourcellvars);
        return co;
    }
    
    static void
    code_dealloc(PyCodeObject *co)
    {
        Py_XDECREF(co->co_code);
        Py_XDECREF(co->co_consts);
        Py_XDECREF(co->co_names);
        Py_XDECREF(co->co_varnames);
        Py_XDECREF(co->co_freevars);
        Py_XDECREF(co->co_cellvars);
        Py_XDECREF(co->co_filename);
        Py_XDECREF(co->co_name);
        Py_XDECREF(co->co_lnotab);
        if (co->co_zombieframe != NULL)
            PyObject_GC_Del(co->co_zombieframe);
        if (co->co_weakreflist != NULL)
            PyObject_ClearWeakRefs((PyObject*)co);
        PyObject_DEL(co);
    }
    
    static PyObject *
    code_repr(PyCodeObject *co)
    {
        char buf[500];
        int lineno = -1;
        char *filename = "???";
        char *name = "???";
    
        if (co->co_firstlineno != 0)
            lineno = co->co_firstlineno;
        if (co->co_filename && PyString_Check(co->co_filename))
            filename = PyString_AS_STRING(co->co_filename);
        if (co->co_name && PyString_Check(co->co_name))
            name = PyString_AS_STRING(co->co_name);
        PyOS_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
                      "<code object %.100s at %p, file \"%.300s\", line %d>",
                      name, co, filename, lineno);
        return PyString_FromString(buf);
    }
    
    static int
    code_compare(PyCodeObject *co, PyCodeObject *cp)
    {
        int cmp;
        cmp = PyObject_Compare(co->co_name, cp->co_name);
        if (cmp) return cmp;
        cmp = co->co_argcount - cp->co_argcount;
        if (cmp) goto normalize;
        cmp = co->co_nlocals - cp->co_nlocals;
        if (cmp) goto normalize;
        cmp = co->co_flags - cp->co_flags;
        if (cmp) goto normalize;
        cmp = co->co_firstlineno - cp->co_firstlineno;
        if (cmp) goto normalize;
        cmp = PyObject_Compare(co->co_code, cp->co_code);
        if (cmp) return cmp;
        cmp = PyObject_Compare(co->co_consts, cp->co_consts);
        if (cmp) return cmp;
        cmp = PyObject_Compare(co->co_names, cp->co_names);
        if (cmp) return cmp;
        cmp = PyObject_Compare(co->co_varnames, cp->co_varnames);
        if (cmp) return cmp;
        cmp = PyObject_Compare(co->co_freevars, cp->co_freevars);
        if (cmp) return cmp;
        cmp = PyObject_Compare(co->co_cellvars, cp->co_cellvars);
        return cmp;
    
     normalize:
        if (cmp > 0)
            return 1;
        else if (cmp < 0)
            return -1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
    
    
    PyObject*
    _PyCode_ConstantKey(PyObject *op)
    {
        PyObject *key;
    
        /* Py_None is a singleton */
        if (op == Py_None
            || _PyAnyInt_CheckExact(op)
            || PyBool_Check(op)
            || PyBytes_CheckExact(op)
    #ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
           || PyUnicode_CheckExact(op)
    #endif
              /* code_richcompare() uses _PyCode_ConstantKey() internally */
           || PyCode_Check(op)) {
            key = PyTuple_Pack(2, Py_TYPE(op), op);
        }
        else if (PyFloat_CheckExact(op)) {
            double d = PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(op);
            /* all we need is to make the tuple different in either the 0.0
             * or -0.0 case from all others, just to avoid the "coercion".
             */
            if (d == 0.0 && copysign(1.0, d) < 0.0)
                key = PyTuple_Pack(3, Py_TYPE(op), op, Py_None);
            else
                key = PyTuple_Pack(2, Py_TYPE(op), op);
        }
    #ifndef WITHOUT_COMPLEX
        else if (PyComplex_CheckExact(op)) {
            Py_complex z;
            int real_negzero, imag_negzero;
            /* For the complex case we must make complex(x, 0.)
               different from complex(x, -0.) and complex(0., y)
               different from complex(-0., y), for any x and y.
               All four complex zeros must be distinguished.*/
            z = PyComplex_AsCComplex(op);
            real_negzero = z.real == 0.0 && copysign(1.0, z.real) < 0.0;
            imag_negzero = z.imag == 0.0 && copysign(1.0, z.imag) < 0.0;
            /* use True, False and None singleton as tags for the real and imag
             * sign, to make tuples different */
            if (real_negzero && imag_negzero) {
                key = PyTuple_Pack(3, Py_TYPE(op), op, Py_True);
            }
            else if (imag_negzero) {
                key = PyTuple_Pack(3, Py_TYPE(op), op, Py_False);
            }
            else if (real_negzero) {
                key = PyTuple_Pack(3, Py_TYPE(op), op, Py_None);
            }
            else {
                key = PyTuple_Pack(2, Py_TYPE(op), op);
            }
        }
    #endif
        else if (PyTuple_CheckExact(op)) {
            Py_ssize_t i, len;
            PyObject *tuple;
    
            len = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(op);
            tuple = PyTuple_New(len);
            if (tuple == NULL)
                return NULL;
    
            for (i=0; i < len; i++) {
                PyObject *item, *item_key;
    
                item = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(op, i);
                item_key = _PyCode_ConstantKey(item);
                if (item_key == NULL) {
                    Py_DECREF(tuple);
                    return NULL;
                }
    
                PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, i, item_key);
            }
    
            key = PyTuple_Pack(3, Py_TYPE(op), op, tuple);
            Py_DECREF(tuple);
        }
        else if (PyFrozenSet_CheckExact(op)) {
            Py_ssize_t pos = 0;
            PyObject *item;
            long hash;
            Py_ssize_t i, len;
            PyObject *tuple, *set;
    
            len = PySet_GET_SIZE(op);
            tuple = PyTuple_New(len);
            if (tuple == NULL)
                return NULL;
    
            i = 0;
            while (_PySet_NextEntry(op, &pos, &item, &hash)) {
                PyObject *item_key;
    
                item_key = _PyCode_ConstantKey(item);
                if (item_key == NULL) {
                    Py_DECREF(tuple);
                    return NULL;
                }
    
                assert(i < len);
                PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, i, item_key);
                i++;
            }
            set = PyFrozenSet_New(tuple);
            Py_DECREF(tuple);
            if (set == NULL)
                return NULL;
    
            key = PyTuple_Pack(3, Py_TYPE(op), op, set);
            Py_DECREF(set);
            return key;
        }
        else {
            /* for other types, use the object identifier as a unique identifier
             * to ensure that they are seen as unequal. */
            PyObject *obj_id = PyLong_FromVoidPtr(op);
            if (obj_id == NULL)
                return NULL;
    
            key = PyTuple_Pack(3, Py_TYPE(op), op, obj_id);
            Py_DECREF(obj_id);
        }
        return key;
    }
    
    
    static PyObject *
    code_richcompare(PyObject *self, PyObject *other, int op)
    {
        PyCodeObject *co, *cp;
        int eq;
    
        PyObject *consts1, *consts2;
    
        PyObject *res;
    
        if ((op != Py_EQ && op != Py_NE) ||
            !PyCode_Check(self) ||
            !PyCode_Check(other)) {
    
            /* Py3K warning if types are not equal and comparison
            isn't == or !=  */
            if (PyErr_WarnPy3k("code inequality comparisons not supported "
                               "in 3.x", 1) < 0) {
                return NULL;
            }
    
            Py_INCREF(Py_NotImplemented);
            return Py_NotImplemented;
        }
    
        co = (PyCodeObject *)self;
        cp = (PyCodeObject *)other;
    
        eq = PyObject_RichCompareBool(co->co_name, cp->co_name, Py_EQ);
        if (eq <= 0) goto unequal;
        eq = co->co_argcount == cp->co_argcount;
        if (!eq) goto unequal;
        eq = co->co_nlocals == cp->co_nlocals;
        if (!eq) goto unequal;
        eq = co->co_flags == cp->co_flags;
        if (!eq) goto unequal;
        eq = co->co_firstlineno == cp->co_firstlineno;
        if (!eq) goto unequal;
        eq = PyObject_RichCompareBool(co->co_code, cp->co_code, Py_EQ);
        if (eq <= 0) goto unequal;
    
    
        /* compare constants */
        consts1 = _PyCode_ConstantKey(co->co_consts);
        if (!consts1)
            return NULL;
        consts2 = _PyCode_ConstantKey(cp->co_consts);
        if (!consts2) {
            Py_DECREF(consts1);
            return NULL;
        }
        eq = PyObject_RichCompareBool(consts1, consts2, Py_EQ);
        Py_DECREF(consts1);
        Py_DECREF(consts2);
    
        if (eq <= 0) goto unequal;
    
        eq = PyObject_RichCompareBool(co->co_names, cp->co_names, Py_EQ);
        if (eq <= 0) goto unequal;
        eq = PyObject_RichCompareBool(co->co_varnames, cp->co_varnames, Py_EQ);
        if (eq <= 0) goto unequal;
        eq = PyObject_RichCompareBool(co->co_freevars, cp->co_freevars, Py_EQ);
        if (eq <= 0) goto unequal;
        eq = PyObject_RichCompareBool(co->co_cellvars, cp->co_cellvars, Py_EQ);
        if (eq <= 0) goto unequal;
    
        if (op == Py_EQ)
            res = Py_True;
        else
            res = Py_False;
        goto done;
    
      unequal:
        if (eq < 0)
            return NULL;
        if (op == Py_NE)
            res = Py_True;
        else
            res = Py_False;
    
      done:
        Py_INCREF(res);
        return res;
    }
    
    static long
    code_hash(PyCodeObject *co)
    {
        long h, h0, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6;
        h0 = PyObject_Hash(co->co_name);
        if (h0 == -1) return -1;
        h1 = PyObject_Hash(co->co_code);
        if (h1 == -1) return -1;
        h2 = PyObject_Hash(co->co_consts);
        if (h2 == -1) return -1;
        h3 = PyObject_Hash(co->co_names);
        if (h3 == -1) return -1;
        h4 = PyObject_Hash(co->co_varnames);
        if (h4 == -1) return -1;
        h5 = PyObject_Hash(co->co_freevars);
        if (h5 == -1) return -1;
        h6 = PyObject_Hash(co->co_cellvars);
        if (h6 == -1) return -1;
        h = h0 ^ h1 ^ h2 ^ h3 ^ h4 ^ h5 ^ h6 ^
            co->co_argcount ^ co->co_nlocals ^ co->co_flags;
        if (h == -1) h = -2;
        return h;
    }
    
    /* XXX code objects need to participate in GC? */
    
    PyTypeObject PyCode_Type = {
        PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type, 0)
        "code",
        sizeof(PyCodeObject),
        0,
        (destructor)code_dealloc,           /* tp_dealloc */
        0,                                  /* tp_print */
        0,                                  /* tp_getattr */
        0,                                  /* tp_setattr */
        (cmpfunc)code_compare,              /* tp_compare */
        (reprfunc)code_repr,                /* tp_repr */
        0,                                  /* tp_as_number */
        0,                                  /* tp_as_sequence */
        0,                                  /* tp_as_mapping */
        (hashfunc)code_hash,                /* tp_hash */
        0,                                  /* tp_call */
        0,                                  /* tp_str */
        PyObject_GenericGetAttr,            /* tp_getattro */
        0,                                  /* tp_setattro */
        0,                                  /* tp_as_buffer */
        Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,                 /* tp_flags */
        code_doc,                           /* tp_doc */
        0,                                  /* tp_traverse */
        0,                                  /* tp_clear */
        code_richcompare,                   /* tp_richcompare */
        offsetof(PyCodeObject, co_weakreflist), /* tp_weaklistoffset */
        0,                                  /* tp_iter */
        0,                                  /* tp_iternext */
        0,                                  /* tp_methods */
        code_memberlist,                    /* tp_members */
        0,                                  /* tp_getset */
        0,                                  /* tp_base */
        0,                                  /* tp_dict */
        0,                                  /* tp_descr_get */
        0,                                  /* tp_descr_set */
        0,                                  /* tp_dictoffset */
        0,                                  /* tp_init */
        0,                                  /* tp_alloc */
        code_new,                           /* tp_new */
    };
    
    /* Use co_lnotab to compute the line number from a bytecode index, addrq.  See
       lnotab_notes.txt for the details of the lnotab representation.
    */
    
    int
    PyCode_Addr2Line(PyCodeObject *co, int addrq)
    {
        int size = PyString_Size(co->co_lnotab) / 2;
        unsigned char *p = (unsigned char*)PyString_AsString(co->co_lnotab);
        int line = co->co_firstlineno;
        int addr = 0;
        while (--size >= 0) {
            addr += *p++;
            if (addr > addrq)
                break;
            line += *p++;
        }
        return line;
    }
    
    /* Update *bounds to describe the first and one-past-the-last instructions in
       the same line as lasti.  Return the number of that line. */
    int
    _PyCode_CheckLineNumber(PyCodeObject* co, int lasti, PyAddrPair *bounds)
    {
        int size, addr, line;
        unsigned char* p;
    
        p = (unsigned char*)PyString_AS_STRING(co->co_lnotab);
        size = PyString_GET_SIZE(co->co_lnotab) / 2;
    
        addr = 0;
        line = co->co_firstlineno;
        assert(line > 0);
    
        /* possible optimization: if f->f_lasti == instr_ub
           (likely to be a common case) then we already know
           instr_lb -- if we stored the matching value of p
    
           somewhere we could skip the first while loop. */
    
    
        /* See lnotab_notes.txt for the description of
           co_lnotab.  A point to remember: increments to p
           come in (addr, line) pairs. */
    
        bounds->ap_lower = 0;
        while (size > 0) {
            if (addr + *p > lasti)
                break;
            addr += *p++;
            if (*p)
                bounds->ap_lower = addr;
            line += *p++;
            --size;
        }
    
        if (size > 0) {
            while (--size >= 0) {
                addr += *p++;
                if (*p++)
                    break;
            }
            bounds->ap_upper = addr;
        }
        else {
            bounds->ap_upper = INT_MAX;
        }
    
        return line;
    }